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【卫生保健】春季传染病预防小贴士——长沙市开福区钱隆世家幼儿园_我的网站

A |     "Gov. Abbott is right; the Biden policies are directly responsible for encouraging migrants to pay smugglers to bring them across the border illegally, and for enriching the smuggling organizations to the extent that they have expanded their deadly business so much over the last 18 months," says Jessica M Vaughan, director of policy studies at the Center for Immigration Studies based in Washington, DC.,She believes that "until the Biden policies are changed to deter and prevent these mass illegal crossings and to impose consequences on illegal migrants, it’s only going to continue and to get worse.","It’s not possible to curb the illegal migration without policy changes," Vaughan insists.,Following Joe Biden's decision to reverse his predecessor's border policies, the number of illegal entries started to rise. On March 10, 2021, US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) encountered 100,441 persons attempting entry along the southwest border in February 2021, which represented a 28% increase over January 2021, when Biden was sworn in. US immigration experts noted at that time that Biden's campaign vows to impose a deportation moratorium, extend protections for those called "Dreamers" and provide a path to citizenship for about 11 million illegals, invigorated migrant caravans.,Melting Pot: How Biden's Immigration Reform May Backfire on US Economy & His Political Future19 January 2021, 20:10 GMT,The US Customs and Border Protection reported in June 2022 about a staggering 239,416 encounters along the southwest land border in May, which represented a 2% increase compared to April. Of those, 25% involved individuals who had at least one prior encounter in the previous 12 months, the report reads. The flow of illicit narcotics including cocaine, methamphetamines, heroin, fentanyl, and marijuana across the border has also been increasing, according to the CBP.,The unfolding border crisis has long been in the making, according to Dr. Aileen Teague, an immigration expert from the Texas A&M Bush School of Government and Public Service.,"President Biden's current immigration policies are not solely his," she says. "They follow decades of an inability to reach consensus on both sides of the aisle. Biden has been a bit 'wishy washy' on Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) and telling immigrants to 'not come' soon after entering the White House, but besides a murky rhetoric of reform, many of 'his' policies long predate his presidency.",Border Crisis: Who Wants to Flood the US With Migrants and Why?21 March 2021, 16:26 GMT,What's Behind the Federal Government's Inaction?,Last week, Republican Rep. Andy Biggs described the situation at the US-Mexico border as "overrun," "out of control" and "dangerous". He also predicted more deaths would soon be discovered. Nevertheless, "the federal government has not lifted a finger to help the states cope with this influx," according to Vaughan.,"The reason that the Biden administration has not acted to regain control of the border is because they are not concerned about the harm to American communities that this crisis is causing," she says. "They are isolated from its costs, and they hope to reap political benefits, in the form of support from the special interests who profit from this influx, which include certain big businesses, ethnic advocacy groups, and a few leftist politicians.",Republicans are accusing the Democrats of deliberately loosening border policies and promising to legalize illegals to beef up their electoral base. Immigration reform could become an "electoral bonanza" for the Dems, Politico noted in April 2013. At the same time, a 2013 Pew Research revealed that of the Latino immigrants who are eligible to vote, "many more identify as Democrats than as Republicans – 54% versus 11%.",Meanwhile, many powerful US business lobbies such as the agricultural industry, rely on exploiting cheap and illegal non-citizens for seasonal labor. Out of 11.3 million illegals, eight million have jobs, according to CBS News. The basic rights of these unauthorized workers aren't protected. In addition to that, big business capitalizes on mass immigration to drive wages down and to combat organized labor.,DeSantis Advises Migrants Escorted to Washington DC: 'Do Not Come' to Florida14 April, 17:35 GMT,Local Leaderships Struggle With Illegal Entries,Some Republican-controlled states have tried to tackle the border crisis through a series of local legislative initiatives and border operations.,In particular, the Texas governor and attorney general withstood Biden's executive order signed on day one of his presidency stipulating a 100-day pause on the deportation of illegal immigrants. On March 5, 2021, Gov. Abbott kicked off Operation Lone Star, bringing together the Texas Department of Public Safety and the Texas National Guard to prevent Mexican cartels and other smugglers from moving drugs and people into the state.,"State and local leaders along the border and beyond should be using any and all state authorities to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking pathways using existing laws," says Vaughan. "In addition, they should try to discourage or penalize the NGOs and other entities that contract with the federal government to resettle the migrants, including the child welfare agencies, charter transportation companies and charity assistance groups.",However, the fight to curb the tide of illegal migration could be accompanied with human right abuses, warns Aileen Teague:,"Local leadership in many places supports grassroots initiatives to ensure that outside of politics, immigration policies don't have offshoots that affect human rights," she says. "In the absence of hire level reforms, initiatives of basic human decency are badly needed as are local and mid-level leaders who are willing to share their experiences.",© AFP 2022 / DREW ANGERERWASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 21: U.S. President Joe Biden arrives to speak about Covid-19 vaccines for children, in the Roosevelt Room of the White House on June 21, 2022 in Washington, DC.WASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 21: U.S. President Joe Biden arrives to speak about Covid-19 vaccines for children, in the Roosevelt Room of the White House on June 21, 2022 in Washington, DC.© AFP 2022 / DREW ANGERER,Are Migrant Deaths Yet Another Punch to Biden?,The latest gruesome discovery of 51 dead migrants in Texas could deal "another blow to Biden’s presidency and will further tarnish his legacy of incompetence in the minds of voters," according to Vaughan.,A number of Republican politicians have already raised their voices against the Democratic administration's handling of the border issue.,"How many more people have to die before Dems give a da--?" asked Texas Senator Ted Cruz commenting on the matter, as quoted by Fox News.,GOP Rep. Tony Gonzales from Texas criticized US Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas for the suffocation deaths of trafficked migrants:,"Today in San Antonio it was 102 degrees. Imagine being abandoned inside an 18-wheeler left to die - 42 people died today - will @AliMayorkas even mention their names?" Gonzales tweeted.,However, given that Joe Biden and the Dems have a lot on their plate, including disrupted supply chains, growing inflation and looming recession, it's unlikely that the recent tragedy would make the matters any worse, some observers believe. Possibly, the Texan tragedy will be also overshadowed by the nation-wide debate on the Supreme Court's decision to overturn the Roe v. Wade abortion ruling, according to Teague.,"I'm not convinced that Biden's immigration and border security policies will be detrimental to the Democrats at midterms," she presumes.。    _ 长沙市开福区钱隆世家幼儿园 _          春季传染病          预防小贴士          春季健康宣传                                        / 春季健康宣传活动 /                              春季传染性疾病的多发季节，由于天气多变，时暖时寒、早晚温差大，人体内环境很难一下子与外界环境相适应。幼儿的免疫力低下，病菌、病毒等致病微生物趁机而入，侵入人体，很容易发生传染性疾病的流行。因此，在这个时期要特别注意预防幼儿传染病的发生，钱隆世家幼儿园提醒您一定要做好疾病预防与健康保健措施。                             春季常见传染病                              流感                              由流感病毒引起的一种常见的急性呼吸道传染病，传染性强，传播速度快。人群对流感普遍易感，病后有一定的免疫力，但维持时间不长。         传播途径：主要通过打喷嚏和咳嗽等飞沫传播，直接接触患者或者接触被病毒污染的物品也可引起传播。

B |          临床症状：主要有发热、头痛、咽痛、咳嗽、流涕、乏力、全身肌肉酸痛等。                   手足口                              手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的传染病。以发热和手、足、口腔等部位的皮疹或疱疹为主要特征。少数患儿可能会出现中枢神经系统和呼吸系统损害，个别重度患儿病情进展迅速，容易发生死亡。         传播途径：手足口病的传播途径包括直接接触传播、飞沫传播、消化道传播等。         临床症状：有发热、口腔疼痛、厌食等症状，全病程约5—10天。

C |                              水痘                              一种由水痘带状疱疹病毒引起的急性传染病，传染性强，患者出疹前1-2天至皮疹全部结痂均有传染性。人群普遍易感，常见于1-14岁的孩子，一次发病可终身获得较高的免疫力。         传播途径：主要通过呼吸道飞沫或直接接触水痘患者的疱疹液传播，接触被病毒污染的尘土、衣服、用具等也可能被感染。         临床症状：水痘病毒感染人体后，经过大约两周的潜伏期，患者可出现发热、头痛、全身不适、食欲下降等前期症状，继而出现特征性的红色斑疹，后变为丘疹，再发展为水疱、常伴有瘙痒，1-2天后开始干枯结痂，持续一周左右痂皮脱落；同一部位也可见斑疹、丘疹、水泡、结痂同时存在。一般前胸和后背会先出皮疹，分布密集，然后向身体四周部位蔓延，面部较多，四肢较少。         诺如病毒                              诺如病毒是引起急性胃肠炎的常见病原体，具有发病急（潜伏期一般为24-48小时）、传播速度快、波及范围广等特点。         传播途径：直接或间接接触被感染者呕吐物、排泄物污染的环境；食用或饮用被污染的食物和水；摄入由感染者呕吐和排便时形成的气溶胶颗粒。         临床症状：最常见的症状是腹泻、呕吐、恶心和腹痛，其他症状包括发热、头痛和全身酸痛等。儿童患者呕吐普遍，成人患者腹泻居多。                   预防小贴士                                        个人卫生          勤洗手是预防流感等呼吸道传染病的重要措施。

D | 提倡勤洗手，尤其是在咳嗽或打喷嚏后、就餐前或接触污染环境后要按照“七步洗手法”洗手。咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用纸巾、毛巾等遮住口鼻，咳嗽或打喷嚏后洗手，尽量避免用手触摸眼睛、鼻或口。                   环境卫生          勤开窗通风，让室内空气保持新鲜，降低病毒在空气中的浓度。定期对居住环境进行清洁消毒，尤其是高频接触的物体表面，可以使用含氯消毒剂擦拭。对于儿童玩具、餐具等，也要定期清洗消毒。                   生活习惯          日常作息要规律，保证充足的睡眠，让身体得到充分休息。

E | 每天通过适当的体格锻炼，以增强体质。多吃些富含优质蛋白、微量元素、维生素的食物，如瘦肉、鸡蛋、豆制品、新鲜应季的水果及蔬菜，规律进餐。                   公共卫生          在传染病高发期，尽量避免前往人员密集、空气不流通的场所，如必须前往，要佩戴好口罩，做好个人防护。去公共场所后，回家应及时更换衣物、洗手洗脸，减少病毒残留。若身边有人感染传染病，要保持一定距离，避免密切接触，防止被传染。                   疫苗接种          接种疫苗是预防传染病最有效的手段之一。在春季来临前，可根据自身情况接种流感疫苗、水痘疫苗等。特别是儿童、老年人、免疫力低下人群，更要及时接种，为身体筑牢免疫防线。

F |                                        守护孩子的健康是我们的共同责任，春季虽然是传染性疾病多发的季节但只要做到“早发现、早隔离、早治疗”就能有效阻断病菌，保护幼儿的健康，让我们“家园”携手一起为孩子们创造一个健康、安全的环境让幼儿快乐、茁壮地成长！                              部分图片或文字来源于网络，如有侵权，请联系删除。                             一审：屈子欢          二审：朱桂花          三审：李彬。

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